[Abstract] Reducers are widely used in daily existence, and are used in various mechanical systems in industrial production, such while: cars, ships, some heavy equipment and some factory production lines. The range of the electric motors reducer is certainly extremely wide, from the transmission of the bigger power to the transmission of the specific angle, the reducer can work extremely well. The internal structure of the reducer is a range of equipment of different specs. By interlocking the equipment, the swiftness insight from the insight shaft can be reduced, and the rate can end up being decreased to the mechanical device through the output shaft, and the speeding can end up being recognized. . This paper generally studies the common flaws of the reducer and lists many effective solutions.
Introduction
The main function of the reducer is to convert the power and provide the right power for the mechanical operation. When the reducer works, it primarily depends on the equipment transformation rate of different sizes, and finally the motor shaft rate gets to the required range, and a large torque mechanism can be acquired. In the current practical program, the reducer is used to transmit mechanical swiftness and convert mechanical power, and the software of the reducer is normally more and more prevalent. In the creation process of general commercial enterprises, the rate conversion and deceleration of the reducer are primarily used to realize the acceleration conversion of different mechanical products. As a result, once the failure of the reducer will significantly impact the creation actions of the enterprise, it can be very essential to make accurate decision for the failure of the reducer and to look for a solution to make certain the normal procedure of numerous gadgets.
1 Reducer common failure
1.1 Parts heat leaking
In order to enhance the working efficiency of the reducer, most reducer manufacturers choose non-ferrous materials to produce the turbine of the reducer, and the materials for production the worm is the harder steel. This causes the reducer to continuously scrub and slip between the parts during the operating procedure, which generates a great deal of warmth, and since the components of the inner parts of the reducer are different, the level of thermal growth of the materials is definitely different, so that the first appropriate gap between the parts It turns into smaller sized and continuously wears out friction. At the same time, the lubricating essential oil between the parts is normally also affected by the temp rise, and the concentration turns into thin, producing in essential oil leakage failure of the reducer.
1.2 Turbine wear failure
The components used to help to make the worm equipment are generally non-ferrous metals, such as tin bronze alloy, and the worm is made of 45 metal, and in order to ensure the hardness, it will be quenched and its hardness can reach HRC45-55. When the reducer is normally in regular operation, the worm provides a high hardness, which causes long-term friction with the turbine during procedure, resulting in severe wear of the turbine. Since the turbine and the worm are key elements of the reducer, the wear of the turbine can result in a shortened services lifestyle of the reducer. In addition to the turbine and worm hardness mismatch, the turbine use and tear, the reducer software and model, the reducer functioning time and the weight during the procedure of the reducer will create different degrees of use on the turbine of the reducer.
1.3 Drive little helical equipment wear
This type of failure mainly occurs in vertical reducer equipment, which is due to certain problems in the type and amount of lubricant. When setting up the top to bottom reducer, the personnel will add a certain quantity of lubricant to the inside. When the reducer is certainly operated for a period of period, credited to the intake of lubricating oil or leakage, the lubrication of the parts of the reducer is normally lacking. When the rate reducer stops functioning, the lubricating oil will gradually drop to the bottom level of the reducer due to gravity. When the velocity reducer begins once again, the higher component of the gear or additional parts does not have the protection of lubricating essential oil, which is usually even more serious. Wear and tear. In this method, not really only will the life of the reducer become reduced, but also additional complications will happen credited to friction between the parts.
1.4 Worm bearing damage
In the process of failure of the reducer, even if the sealed package is well secured, the gear oil may be emulsified, causing in damage, corrosion and rust of the bearing. This can be because the dampness produced by the unexpected air conditioning of the gear oil during the operation of the reducer is usually agglomerated.
2 Effective way to solve the issue of reducer
2.1 Improve the working environment
The working environment will have a extremely large impact on the operating efficiency of the reducer. Dust and great particles in the working environment of the reducer will enter the inside of the machine through the space of the reducer housing. Since there are many viscous chemicals such as lubricating oil in the reducer, these small particles will adhere to the lubricating oil after getting into. When the machine is definitely working, it will become sent to all parts of the reducer as the gear rotates, which will lead to an increase in the friction of the reducer parts, and ultimately the gear device will failure. Therefore, in purchase to make sure the regular operation of the reducer, the personnel should pay attention to the operating environment 
of the reducer. Specifically in some dusty operating conditions, a protective cover can end up being added to the reducer casing regarding to real needs to reduce the debris getting into the machine and prevent dirt from entering the machine, which affects the stable procedure of the machine. . In addition, if the functioning environment of the reducer is definitely fairly harsh, after the daily function is certainly completed, it can be required to clean and check the reducer in period, primarily to clean the dust attached to the body of the reduction gear to prevent the dust and affect the reducer. Normal procedure ensures steady operation of the reducer.
2.2 Improve the machining precision of the reducer
The common faults of the reducer also include the oil leakage of the chassis. The fundamental problem is generally caused by the problem of engineering accuracy in the developing procedure of the reducer. As a result, when the reducer neglects, the maintenance employees can trim the machining accuracy and enhance the machining accuracy of the reducer. First of all, in purchase to prevent oil leakage in the framework, the joint between the upper and lower casings of the machine should become surface to ensure that the casing of the casing can become tightly engaged; second, in the procedure of installing the top and lower casings of the reducer, a joint should be placed at the joint of the casing. The closing strip is definitely after that coated with a level of sealant on the joint to form a shut continuous apron, which successfully eliminates the oil leakage on the container surface and ensures the reliability of the operation of the reducer.
2.3 Improve the set up quality of the reducer
The unreasonable installation phase of the reducer is one of the biggest causes of the current failure of the reducer. As a result, the firm should pay out interest to the installation procedure of the reducer to assure the reliability of the reducer. Initial of all, in the process of set up of the reducer, advanced calculating equipment should end up being fully utilized to improve the detailed inspection of the parts and the measurements of the parts of the reducer and the precision of the joint parts. For example, check the joints of the higher and lower cabinets. The verticality and level between the shaft, the shaft and the bearing and the patience between the gears; secondly, the installation and inspection power of the reducer should end up being improved, and the overall performance should end up being checked before starting up. For example, the bolts at the connection component of the reducer appear loose, and should end up being reinforced in period. At the same time, the vibration level of the reducer is normally decreased by effective inspection, and the operation impact of the reducer is usually improved to some level. These tasks can effectively guarantee the quality of the reducer installation and place a solid foundation for the easy operation of the reducer.
2.4 Specification of installation and fix practices
In order to assure the installation or repair quality of the reducer, the company needs to purchase the parts in person, and in the process of disassembling and installing the worm, the worm wheel and the bearing, try to avoid using a hammer and various other tools to directly strike, so as not to affect the cooperation between these parts. tolerance. When replacing parts, pay out attention to the accessories that match the mechanised model. In the procedure of putting together the output bearing, it is certainly required to pay out attention to the shared complementing of the tolerance beliefs. When Chemical≤50mmeters, H7/t6 is definitely used; when D>50mmeters, H7/m6 is normally adopted. At the same time, it is normally required to make use of reddish colored Dan oil and anti-adhesive agent to accomplish the purpose of safeguarding the hollow shaft, and to prevent the wear and corrosion of the parts to a certain extent, which is beneficial for disassembly and set up during maintenance.
Conclusion
In summary, many companies want to use reducers in the production procedure. Nevertheless, credited to various factors, the reducer often offers different faults during procedure, which seriously impacts the security and reliability of the reducer. It also impacts the creation performance and product quality of the company. At this time, it is usually necessary for the management and maintenance workers to perform on-site inspections on a regular basis, and to discover out the cause of the failing of the reducer, and immediately provide corresponding maintenance and maintenance to avoid influencing the normal creation process.